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Law, Probability and Risk Advance Access originally published online on July 7, 2009
Law, Probability and Risk 2009 8(2):85-94; doi:10.1093/lpr/mgp018
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© The Author [2009]. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.

Identification, individualization and uniqueness: What's the difference?{dagger}

David H. Kaye*

Distinguished Professor and Weiss Family Scholar, Penn State's Dickinson School of Law, Lewis Katz Bldg, University Park, PA 16802, USA

* Email: dhk3{at}psu.edu

Received on 8 April 2009. Revised on 5 June 2009. Accepted on 15 June 2009.


  Abstract

Criminalists and many forensic scientists concerned with the identification of trace evidence have distinguished between identification and individualization, but they have not distinguished as precisely between individualization and uniqueness. This paper clarifies these terms and discusses the relationships among identification, individualization and uniqueness in forensic science evidence.

Keywords: Identification; individualization; uniqueness; forensic science; trace evidence; DNA; fingerprints

{dagger} Presented at a workshop held at George Washington University, August 1st 2009, in honour of the 70th birthday of Joe Gastwirth, one of the founding editors of Law, Probability and Risk.


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